A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both.

Key Symptoms:

• Trouble falling asleep

• Waking up frequently

• Early morning awakening

• Daytime fatigue

• Difficulty concentrating

• Irritability

• Anxiety about sleep

Types:

• Acute (short-term, often stress-related)

• Chronic (long-term, lasting 3 months or more)

• Primary (not linked to other health conditions)

• Secondary (related to other conditions or medications)

Testing:

• Sleep diary analysis

• Sleep study if needed

• Psychological evaluation

• Medical history review

Treatment Approaches:

• Sleep hygiene education

• Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)

• Medication when appropriate

• Lifestyle modifications

• Stress management techniques